This rather unique Hadeeth on the authority of Imam Sadiq (a.s) to one of his close companions (r.a) has reached us via six different transmissions. It highlights many key areas for us. From this, we can conclude, that any narration which may imply distortion of the Qur'aan is based on 'Taweel' (interpretation) of the verses.
Alee ibn Ibraheem has narrated from Muhammad ibn Isa from Yunus and Alee ibn Muhammad from Sahl ibn Ziyad, Abu Sa‘id from Muhammad ibn ‘sa from Younis from ibn Muskan from Aboo Basir (r.a) who has said the following: “I asked Aboo Abd Allah (a.s) about the words of Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High: ‘Believers, obey Allah, His Messenger, and your leaders (who possess Divine Authority). . . .’ (Qur'aan 4:59). “The Imam (a.s) said, ‘This was sent from the heavens about Alee ibn Aboo Talib, Al-Hassan and Al-Hussain, (peace be upon them all).’ I then said, ‘People say, “Why did He not specify Alee (a.s) and his family by their names in the Book of Allah (swt), the Most Holy, the Most High?’ “The Imam said, ‘Say to them, “The command for prayer came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) but He has not specified (the number of the Rak‘ats) for them as being three or four. It, in fact, was the Messenger of Allah (saw) who explained to them this matter. The command for Zakat (a form of income tax) came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) and there was no specific taxable number such as one Dirham on every forty Dirham. It was the Messenger of Allah (saw) who explained it for them. The command for Hajj came to the Messenger of Allah (saw). It did not say walk seven times around the Ka‘ba. It was the Messenger of Allah (saw) who explained it for them. The verse about obedience came, ‘Believers, Obey Allah (swt), His Messenger and your leaders (who possess Divine Authority)...’ (Qur'aan 4:59) It came to declare that Alee, Al-Hassan and Al-Hussain (a.s), were the leaders who possessed Divine Authority. The Messenger of Allah (saw) then said about Alee (a.s), ‘Over whomever I have Divine Authority, Alee (a.s), recipient of divine supreme covenant, also has Divine Authority over him.’ He (saw) also has said, ‘I enjoin you to follow the Book of Allah (swt) and my family. It is because I have prayed to Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, not to separate these two from each other until He will make them arrive at Al-Kawthar (the pond of paradise) to join me. He has granted my prayer as such.’ “The Holy Prophet, recipient of divine supreme covenant, has said, ‘Do not try to teach them (A’immah); they are far more knowledgeable than you.’ The Holy Prophet (saw) has said, ‘‘A’immah, recipients of divine supreme covenant, will never take you out of the gate of guidance and they will never make you enter the gate of error.’ Had the Messenger of Allah (saw) remained silent and had not explained anything about his Ahl al-Bayt (the family), the family of so and so i.e (Aboo Bakr and Umar) would have advanced their claim for Imamat (a.s). However, Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has revealed it in His book to confirm the explanations of His Prophet (saw) about Ahlulbayt (a.s) (in the following verse): ‘People of the house, Allah wants to remove all kinds of uncleanness from you and to purify you thoroughly.’ (Qur'aan 33:33) Alee, Faatimah, Al-Hassan and Al-Hussain (peace be upon all of them), were there and the Holy Prophet (saw) made them to enter under Al-Kisa (the Cloak) in the house of Umm Salama and then said, ‘O Lord, every Prophet had a family and a heaviness and credence, and these are my family, my heaviness and credence.’ Umm Salama at this point said, ‘Am I not of your family?’ The Holy Prophet (saw) said, ‘You are in goodness but these are my family, my heaviness and credence.’ “When the Messenger of Allah (swt) passed away, Alee (a.s) had the utmost priority and guardianship of the people because of what the Messenger of Allah (saw) had preached about him. It was because of raising him up for the people and holding his hand in his hand. When Alee (a.s), recipient of divine supreme covenant (was about to) pass away, he could not (and would not) enter Muhammad ibn Alee or Al-Abbas ibn Alee or any one of his other sons in the position of Imamat (Leadership with Divine Authority). Otherwise, Al-Hassan and Al-Hussain (a.s), would have said, ‘Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has revealed about us just as He has done so about you, and He has commanded people to obey us just as He has commanded people to obey you. The Messenger of Allah (saw) has preached to people about us just as he has done so about you. Allah (swt) has removed Al-Rijs (uncleanness) from us just as He has done so to you.’ “When Alee, recipient of divine supreme covenant, left this world, Al-Hassan (a.s) had the utmost priority for Imamat (Leadership with Divine Authority); he was the eldest. When he was about to die he could not, and would not, enter his sons in the position of Imamat. It is because Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, says, ‘...The relatives are closer to each other, according to the Book of Allah (swt), than the believers and the emigrants...’ (Qur'aan 33:6). Had he then placed Imamat in his sons, Al-Hussain (a.s), would have said, ‘Allah (swt) has commanded people to obey me just as He has commanded people to obey you and to obey your father. The Messenger of Allah (saw) has preached to people about me just as he has preached to people about you and your father. Allah (swt) has removed Al-Rijs (unleanliness) from me just as He has removed it from you and your father.’ “When Imamat was in full force with Al-Hussain, (a.s) there was no one in his family who could claim against him as he could claim against his brother and father. He could do so in case they had (his father and brother) wanted to divert it from him but they did not and would not do so. After them it found its place with Al-Hussain (a.s), and the interpretation of this verse continued to remain valid, ‘...The relatives are closer to each other, according to the Book of Allah (swt) than the believers and the emigrants...’ (Qu'raan 33:6). “After Al-Hussain (a.s), Imamat found its place with Alee ibn Al-Hussain, recipient of divine supreme covenant. After Alee ibn Al-Hussain, recipient of divine supreme covenant, it found its place with Muhammad ibn Alee (a.s). The Imam said, ‘Al-Rijs means doubts. I swear by Allah (swt) that we never doubt in our Lord.’
Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa from Muhammad ibn Khalid and Al-Husayn ibn Sa‘id from Al-Nadr ibn Suwayd from Yahya ibn Imran Al-Halabi from Ayyub ibn Al-Hurr and Imran ibn Alee Al-Halabi from Abu Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, a similar Hadeeth.
Grading: Al-Majlisi: Both Chain are Saheeh (Authentic) in Mir'atul Uqool. Vol. 3, Pg. # 213.
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